In the late '40s, Members of The Manhattan Beach Surf Club would purchase white sailor pants at the Salvation Army and then would trim off the bottoms so that they ended just below the knees. Using larger sizes with a drawstring that held them tight gave them a baggier inseam which helped protect their inner thighs from the chaffing that occurred from constantly rubbing their legs against the paraffin wax on their boards.

The members of The Manhattan Beach Surf Club, who when not surfing wore their pants low on their waist and often left the drawstring untied. They lived in those pants and to others, they might have appeared scroungy and dirty, but they had their own vocabulary, were young, handsome, and had a certain swagger, which made them very popular with the ladies.

This functional, raunchy style started to define the casual purpose-driven attitude and aesthetic for future surf wear. Velzy Surfboards - opened in early s. They were all young at the time, but a lot of later big names in surfing came out of that group. His famous black and white jailhouse board shorts were an early instance of individuality in surf style clothing.

The story according to him goes that, there was someone who had a similar surf style and the other guy kept getting credited by photographers for surfing giant waves that were actually ridden by Greg Knoll. On the North Shore of Oahu, one long time tailor who had been mending the shorts which the surfers brought in for repair, eventually started creating custom surf trunks of his own for the local big wave surfers.

His name was Minru Nii, he sewed out of a tiny shack in Waianae. These trunks started to resemble what today we know as board shorts. What surfers wore arose more organically. The movie's stylists, who knew nothing about surfing, dressed the actors in bright colors that looked good on camera and while it captured the reckless attitude, it did not reflect the actually muted pragmatism that had guided surf wear up until then.

But the movie communicated a certain kind of lifestyle, a free-spirited, counter-culture cool, which very much caught on with the masses. It spawned many other movies Endless Summer and music Beach Boys and the trend of surfing literally exploded overnight. What was once a small, localized, carefree cottage industry, found itself being monetized by new brands and quickly grew into a much larger sanitized story. The biggest problem with boardshorts had always been how to effectively keep the pants up without a belt.

Manufacturers started playing with various methods of closure side, Velcro, internal belts, laced front and when form started to equal function, we started to see what could loosely be considered the first of technical boardshorts.

What are swim trunks? Swim trunks pros. Mesh insert provides breathability by allowing air to circulate and wick away moisture. Elastic waistband with a drawstring closure provides comfort and flexibility. Easy to pull on and off, so using the drawstring isn't always necessary. Comfortable for lounging on the beach or poolside.

Offer some variation in length from mid-thigh to knee-length hemlines. Typically dry faster than board shorts. Less expensive than board shorts. Swim trunks cons. Wide, short legs can ride up during strenuous water activities or swimming. Mesh insert can feel constricting, and debris can get caught in it. Not as durable as more rugged boardshorts. May fray, fade and wear out faster.

Looks like swimwear, which limits the ability to wear them casually or for lounging. Best swim trunks. What are board shorts? Board shorts pros. Very durable and constructed to withstand high-performance activities. Better for activities like surfing and wakeboarding because board shorts allow for better range of motion and won't ride up. Offer more coverage and sun protection.

Stylish and can be worn off the beach as casual streetwear. Also popular with skaters and MMA fighters. Board shorts, on the other hand, aren't just for surfers and beachgoers — and they aren't used solely by men, though most females who sport board shorts wear bathing suit bottoms underneath. In addition to their popularity among skateboarders, board shorts have become common as part of the uniforms for Mixed Martial Arts competitions. Board shorts are designed with a tighter and more durable waistband that opens in the front, secured by a velcro fly.

The waistband can be adjusted using a string tie. This securing system is designed to prevent your board shorts from falling down when you're engaged in an intense activity like surfing.

The original board short design included a small velcro-sealed pocket that vented with a small grommet to hold small items, such as house keys or surf wax, securely while the wearer was active in the water. Unlike your traditional swim trunks, board shorts have no lining.

The additional length was designed to protect surfers' legs from the wax on their boards. Board shorts are also extremely baggy and less restrictive than other swimwear options. Board shorts can be used as both swim and casual wear. They are approximately knee-length and made of a quick-drying material, such as strong, smooth polyester or nylon. Board shorts have also been referred to as surf trunks and jams, and they are a popular choice among surfers due to their durability and longer length.

Board shorts are also popular as casual wear.

There could be other reasons, such as side income, for you to reduce the number of allowances you claim. Claiming fewer allowances on Form w-4 will result in more tax being withheld from your paychecks and less take-home pay.

This might result in a larger tax refund. On the other hand, claiming too many allowances could mean that not enough tax is withheld during the year. With the W-4 Form and dependents, the strategy will definitely vary based on individual tax circumstances, income and your filing status. To summarize, the number of dependents you have and the number of allowances you claim on your W-4 Form do not have to exactly coincide, but they are definitely related. And if the number of withholding allowances you can claim actually goes down , you have to resubmit a new W-4 with the lower withholding allowances within 10 days of the change.

If your situation changes, you can update your W-4 and submit it to your employer. Calculating how many W-4 allowances you should take is a bit of a balancing act — though you might not have to manage it in the future if the new allowances-free W-4 takes effect.

Generally, the fewer allowances you claim, the more tax will be withheld from your paycheck. But remember, a refund is just Uncle Sam repaying the interest-free loan you gave the federal government throughout the tax year. If you claim too many allowances, you might actually end up owing tax. If you intentionally falsify how many allowances you claim, you could be subject to a hefty fine and criminal penalty.

Understanding how W-4 allowances affect your federal income tax withholding can help you take control of exactly when you pay your tax obligation to the federal government. Adjusting your allowances can mean either keeping more money in your pocket throughout the year or getting a refund when tax time comes. You can find him on LinkedIn. Employers in every state must withhold money for federal income taxes.

Some states, cities and other municipal governments also require tax withholding. Withholding is also necessary for pensioners and individuals with other earnings, such as from gambling, bonuses or commissions.

You can do this by paying estimated taxes. Exactly how much your employer withholds will depend largely on how much money you make and how you fill out your W While you used to be able to claim allowances, your withholding is now affected by your claimed dependents, if your spouse works or if you have multiple jobs.

You can also list other adjustments, such as deductions and other withholdings. When you fill out your W-4 , you are telling your employer how much to withhold from your pay. A withholding allowance was like an exemption from paying a certain amount of income tax. To change or withdraw your consent choices for Investopedia.

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Your Money. Personal Finance. Your Practice. Popular Courses. Taxes Income Tax. What Is a Withholding Allowance? Key Takeaways A withholding allowance is an exemption that reduces how much income tax an employer deducts from an employee's paycheck. The amount of withholding is based on a taxpayer's filing status: single or married but filing separately, married and filing jointly, or head of household, and the number of withholding allowances they claim.

The more tax allowances you claim, the less income tax will be withheld from a paycheck, and vice versa. Individuals need to file a new Form W-4 whenever their personal or financial situation changes. Article Sources. Investopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work. These include white papers, government data, original reporting, and interviews with industry experts. We also reference original research from other reputable publishers where appropriate.

The foot of compression hosiery acts as an anchor; it provides a solid hold, making it easier to put on the stockings. Furthermore, compression stockings have graduated compression, meaning the compression is strongest at the ankle and gets lighter as it goes up the calf. Cutting off the foot could cause them to roll up and become uncomfortable to wear. If your stockings seem too tight around the toes, you may want to consider a product such as open toe compression stockings.

Oily substances can break down the elastic fibers. Don't know which knee, thigh, or pantyhose, sock or stocking to get? Not sure of the differences between the Levels of Compression? There are so many different models?! Which fabric should I choose? Email us: support legsmart. Benefits include: exclusive discounts and coupon codes, members only pricing, priority customer care, and free shipping on your orders.

It's free to join, cancel anytime. Read more about membership details. Menu Cart. Continue Shopping Your Cart is Empty. When treating a chronic issue such as varicose veins, for example, you will want to be quite religious about your use of compression socks. You will only see an improvement if you wear them consistently. Using your compression socks a couple of times a week will probably not make a difference. If your doctor has instructed you to put your compression socks on first thing in the morning, be sure to do so.

If you wait and put your socks on later in the day, you may find that your legs have already swelled, and the socks will be difficult — or impossible — to put on.

By then, your feet might already be too swollen, and the benefits of wearing compressions socks will be much less than if you had worn them for the full duration of the flight. Besides, it might be difficult or impossible to put on, and putting on your compression socks inside an airplane becomes an exhausting task.

This article gives a quick overview of some side effects of wearing compression stockings if you keep your compression socks on for too long. Side effects are likely to occur if you are wearing socks that are too loose or too tight. Possible effects include:. Properly fitted socks can eliminate these symptoms. To avoid the tingling sensation or loss of circulation, make sure that your socks are not too tight by having them measured by a professional!

To prevent itching, you should make sure that you change and wash your socks daily. You can also consider getting some powder that helps soothe the skin. When you do start wearing compression socks, you will want to maintain a consistent schedule. Regular use of compression socks is necessary to see its benefits. Wearing them sporadically likely will not resolve your ailments.

A best practice is to consult your doctor when it comes to your compression sock schedule. Your doctor can help you determine how long you should be wearing them and for how long each time.

Skip to navigation Skip to content. Your surgeon, or another healthcare professional responsible for your care, will advise you on how long you should wear compression stockings for after your operation and how to use them correctly.

When compression stockings are recommended after surgery, they should usually be worn as much as possible, day and night, until you're able to move around freely. Compression stockings are used after surgery to prevent blood clots developing in the leg, which is known as deep vein thrombosis DVT.

Thigh or waist-high stockings help reduce pooling of blood in the legs and help prevent lightheadedness or falling when you stand up orthostatic hypotension. Stockings that rise to just below the knee help limit lower leg swelling due to fluid buildup. They may also help prevent venous ulcers and can prevent the development of blood clots in the leg — especially if used after surgery or when you may be inactive for a while.

In addition, compression stockings can help lessen the pain caused by varicose veins. Compression stockings with a small amount of compression are sold without a prescription.

Stronger compression stockings are prescribed by your care provider with certain specifications — such as strength of compression and length of stocking — based on the condition being treated. There are also a number of personal preference features, such as having a closed or open toe and stocking color, as well as numerous brands from which to choose.

The Titanic was on her maiden voyage, a return trip from Britain to America. At the time of her maiden voyage a coal strike was on, and so coal for Titanic had to be scavenged from other company ships.

As she set sail on her maiden voyage, some interior work was still to be completed. For example, some areas of the ship were without heating, whilst others were too hot. All died in the sinking. Read about the passengers on the Titanic , about the iceberg that was her undoing, and about the spot in the Atlantic Ocean where the Titanic sank.

Introduction Following her prestigious launch in front of a crowd of around , spectators and a throng of excited reporters, Titanic began her maiden journey, first collecting the passengers sailing — and even migrating — to America. I was thoroughly familiar with pretty well every type of ship afloat but it took me 14 days before I could, with confidence, find my way from one part of that ship to another. The open door shown on the right led onto the Grand Staircase. So thorough are the precautions which have been taken to prevent the ship from sinking in the event of a serious accident that any two compartments may be flooded without endangering the safety of the vessel.

In the creation of the Titanic myth there were two defining moments: , of course, and Introduction The RMS Titanic was the biggest moveable man-made object of her day, a colossal presence in the water and the subject of a tragic story that fascinates us to this day. How long was the Titanic? How many rooms did the Titanic have? In the end, people survived the sinking of the Titanic. Ismay, the White Star managing director, helped load some of the boats and later stepped onto a collapsible as it was being lowered.

Although no women or children were in the vicinity when he abandoned ship, he would never live down the ignominy of surviving the disaster while so many others perished. Astor deposited his wife Madeleine into a lifeboat and, remarking that she was pregnant, asked if he could accompany her; refused entry, he managed to kiss her goodbye just before the boat was lowered away.

Although offered a seat on account of his age, Isidor Straus refused any special consideration, and his wife Ida would not leave her husband behind. The couple retired to their cabin and perished together. Molly Brown helped load the boats and finally was forced into one of the last to leave. She implored its crewmen to turn back for survivors, but they refused, fearing they would be swamped by desperate people trying to escape the icy seas.

They contained only survivors. Every conceivable subject was investigated, from the conduct of the officers and crew to the construction of the ship. Titanic conspiracy theories abounded. Newspapers initially reported that the ship had collided with an iceberg but remained afloat and was being towed to port with everyone on board.

It took many hours for accurate accounts to become widely available, and even then people had trouble accepting that this paragon of modern technology could sink on her maiden voyage, taking more than 1, souls with her.

In that case, the world reeled at the notion that one of the most sophisticated inventions ever created could explode into oblivion along with its crew. Both tragedies triggered a sudden collapse in confidence, revealing that we remain subject to human frailties and error, despite our hubris and a belief in technological infallibility. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us!

Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. The R. Titanic has gone down as one of the most famous ships in history for its lavish design and tragic fate. It was a massive 46,ton ship, measuring feet long and feet high. The "Ship of Dreams" included a swimming pool, gym, Turkish baths, a Pivotal events have a way of attracting harmful myths and conspiracy theories. Four days into the journey, at about p. One crew member later compared the sound of the When the RMS Titanic disappeared beneath the dark waves of the North Atlantic in the early morning hours of April 15, , it left many mysteries in its wake.

One of the most puzzling, even now, was the behavior of the passengers and crew. Why did so many people on board act so There will be a record number of women in Congress.

Unlike the female genitalia , the male reproductive organs are on both the interior and the exterior of the pelvic cavity. They include:. Sperm production occurs in the testicles. Upon reaching puberty , a man will produce millions of sperm cells every day, each measuring about 0.

There is a system of tiny tubes in the testicles. These tubes, called the seminiferous tubules, house the germ cells that hormones — including testosterone , the male sex hormone — cause to turn into sperm.

The germ cells divide and change until they resemble tadpoles with a head and short tail. The tails push the sperm into a tube behind the testes called the epididymis. For about five weeks, the sperm travel through the epididymis, completing their development. Once out of the epididymis, the sperm move to the vas deferens. When a man is stimulated for sexual activity, the sperm are mixed with seminal fluid — a whitish liquid produced by the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland — to form semen.

As a result of the stimulation, the semen, which contains up to million sperm , is pushed out of the penis ejaculated through the urethra. Thank you for Subscribing Our Housecall e-newsletter will keep you up-to-date on the latest health information. Please try again. Something went wrong on our side, please try again. Show references Frequently asked questions: Contraception FAQ Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

Accessed Jan. Hatcher RA, et al. Fertility awareness-based methods. In: Contraceptive Technology. Ayer Company Publishers; Although the timing of these changes is different for every guy, the stages of puberty generally follow a set sequence:.

A male who has reached puberty will produce millions of sperm cells every day. Sperm develop in the testicles within a system of tiny tubes called the seminiferous tubules. At birth, these tubules contain simple round cells. During puberty, testosterone and other hormones cause these cells to transform into sperm cells.

The cells divide and change until they have a head and short tail, like tadpoles. The head contains genetic material genes. The sperm move into the epididymis, where they complete their development. The seminal vesicles and prostate gland make a whitish fluid called seminal fluid, which mixes with sperm to form semen when a male is sexually stimulated. The penis, which usually hangs limp, becomes hard when a male is sexually excited. Tissues in the penis fill with blood and it becomes stiff and erect an erection.

The rigidity of the erect penis makes it easier to insert into the female's vagina during sex. When the erect penis is stimulated, muscles around the reproductive organs contract and force the semen through the duct system and urethra. Semen is pushed out of the male's body through his urethra — this process is called ejaculation. Each time a guy ejaculates, it can contain up to million sperm. If semen is ejaculated into a female's vagina, millions of sperm "swim" up from the vagina through the cervix and uterus to meet the egg in the fallopian tube.

It takes only one sperm to fertilize the egg. This fertilized egg is now called a zygote and contains 46 chromosomes — half from the egg and half from the sperm. This process starts at puberty. Men can produce an average of sperm per second. This means if a man is fertile, he will never run out of healthy sperms. To understand how long sperm lives in the male body, it is essential to understand how it is produced and released.

When a boy is born, the seminiferous tubules in the testes contain simple round cells. During puberty, these cells are transformed into sperms with a head, mid-section and tail.

The sperms use their long tails to push themselves out of the tubes into the epididymis. For the next 2 to 4 weeks the sperm swims through the epididymis as it develops further.

From here it moves into the sperm duct or vas deferens where it is mixed with seminal fluid to form semen. This process is known as Spermatogenesis. When a man reaches an orgasm after sexual stimulation, this semen is pushed out of the body through the urethra.

On an average, a man ejaculates million sperms at a time. If the sperm enters a woman's vagina it will try to fertilize an egg. A sperm can live for up to 5 days in the woman's vagina. However, if it is released into the open, it cannot live for more than a few minutes. If sperm is not ejaculated, it stays in the man's body for about 74 days. After this, the sperm cells die and are reabsorbed by the body.

Open this map directly on Google Maps. The total flight duration from United States to Portugal is 9 hours, 41 minutes. It also adds an extra 30 minutes for take-off and landing. Your exact time may vary depending on wind speeds. If you're planning a trip, remember to add more time for the plane to taxi between the gate and the airport runway.

Subscribe to our daily news digest. Portugal continues to ban non-essential travelling such as tourism from South Africa, Brazil and Nepal, and travellers coming from these flights can only visit the country for essential purposes, as SchengenVisaInfo. In the recent 24 hours, the World Health Organisation has shown that people have died in Brazil due to Coronavirus complications, and there are 27, positive cases.

About deaths and 12, positive cases are reported in South Africa, and 20 deaths and 1, positive cases in Nepal. Similar restrictions are imposed on United Kingdom travellers , who must undergo quarantine restrictions upon arrival to the country. Those who present proof of vaccination certificates indicating the holder was vaccinated with one of the European Medicines Agency approved vaccines Moderna, Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Janssen at least 14 days before arrival are exempted from quarantine requirements.

Walking the levadas ancient irrigation channels is a popular activity in Madeira, but the walks can be challenging if you are inexperienced. See Madeira. See Terrorism. The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating overseas on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks. To help us improve GOV. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. Cookies on GOV. UK We use some essential cookies to make this website work.

Accept additional cookies Reject additional cookies View cookies. Hide this message. Home Passports, travel and living abroad Travel abroad Foreign travel advice. Foreign travel advice Portugal. Summary Still current at: 12 November Updated: 11 November Latest update: Addition of information about getting your passport stamped when you enter or leave the Schengen area 'Entry requirements' page.

Once a court has issued a support order as part of a legal separation, you must follow its terms or you could face legal consequences. Legal separation permits each spouse to move on, independently, from their marriage, without going through the formal divorce process. Legally separated couples can often continue providing each other health care, Social Security benefits , and tax benefits.

Be sure to look at the terms of any benefits you share and determine if they're affected by a legal separation, as some types of benefits might end upon a legal separation. A court order in a legal separation carries the same weight as custody, property, and support orders in a divorce decree.

This means that both spouses are bound by the separation order, and both can enforce the orders in court. The answer to this question depends on your individual and family circumstances.

Married couples typically share assets and debts unless they sign an agreement that says otherwise. Often, married couples find that sharing assets and debts puts them in a stronger financial position—but not always. In many situations, married couples also enjoy more tax benefits than singles. Ultimately, there's no one-size-fits-all answer. To determine whether your financial situation is better if you're single or divorced, you'll want to take a close look at your finances, and consider consulting with an accountant, financial advisor, or other qualified expert who can assess your options.

The information provided on this site is not legal advice, does not constitute a lawyer referral service, and no attorney-client or confidential relationship is or will be formed by use of the site. The attorney listings on this site are paid attorney advertising. In some states, the information on this website may be considered a lawyer referral service.

Please reference the Terms of Use and the Supplemental Terms for specific information related to your state. Grow Your Legal Practice. Meet the Editors. Separation vs. What Is Separation? Trial Separation and Separation Agreements Trial separations , sometimes called "marriage separations," are voluntary and don't require that you file anything with a court.

This includes writing a separation agreement about topics such as: the length of your separation how to handle bills whether you'll continue to share a bank account or credit cards who will stay in the family home , and child custody, support, and visitation if applicable. Permanent Separation In a "permanent separation," you and your spouse live apart and have no hope of reconciling. Legal Separation "Legal separations" are formal separations recognized by the court.

Some couples choose to remain legally separated indefinitely for reasons such as: religious beliefs a desire to keep the family together legally for the sake of children the need for one spouse to keep the health insurance benefits that you might lose in a divorce, or a simple dislike of divorce despite the desire to live separate lives. Differences Between Separation and Divorce The biggest difference between separation and divorce is that a separation leaves a marriage legally intact while a divorce terminates the marriage.

Other differences between separation and divorce include: Decision-making rights. A divorce terminates any rights you have to make decisions for your spouse.

A separation doesn't end your marriage, leaving you still considered next-of-kin to your spouse and able to make medical or financial decisions on their behalf. Property rights. As mentioned above, in some states, when spouses permanently separate, they lose any claim on or responsibility for the income, debts, and property acquired by the other as of the date of separation. Section 41 and 42 of the Act and the case of Emmanuel v. Funke LPELR CA emphasize that a decree of judicial separation relieves the parties from the obligation to cohabit while it is in the operation, all other rights, responsibilities and obligations remain intact.

The obligations that are not affected by legal separation include the followings:. A decree for judicial separation is not simply granted, the parties must prove either of the acts stated in Sections 15 2 and 16 1 of the Act.

A party must in the petition filed before the High Court of any State in Nigeria cite any one or more of the following as the ground for a decree of judicial separation:. In conclusion, a judicial separation unlike a decree for dissolution of a marriage does not bring an end to the marriage, rather it among other things enables them to live apart while still being in lawful marriage. Unlike a divorce, if the parties subsequently decide to resume cohabitation they can simply apply for a discharge of the decree for judicial separation.

The decree of judicial separation can also be used as a ground for instituting a decree for dissolution of marriage. Therefore, where freedom from cohabitation is not sufficient, proceedings for dissolution can be commenced, which makes the process easier as some of the grounds for dissolution would have been proved earlier during proceedings for legal separation.

The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances. All Rights Reserved. Password Passwords are Case Sensitive.

Forgot your password? Free, unlimited access to more than half a million articles one-article limit removed from the diverse perspectives of 5, leading law, accountancy and advisory firms. We need this to enable us to match you with other users from the same organisation. Sources suggest hiring a legal separation lawyer if your not sure how the legal separation process works, not sure how to make a separation agreement on your own, or are worried about navigating the legal system without advice.

Ogborne Law can help with a legal separation in Arizona. Our legal separation lawyers have many years of experience in drafting separation agreements. While the legal separation process is not for everyone, it can save you money, stress, and hassle vs getting a litigated divorce. Speak with our legal separation lawyers in Phoenix, AZ to find out if legal separation is right for your family. Contact Ogborne Law today and let us show you how we can help protect your kids and your family.

Apply market research to generate audience insights. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. A legal separation is a court-ordered arrangement whereby a married couple lives apart, leading separate lives.

A legal separation is a popular alternative to a divorce when the parties are unsure of the state of their marriage but want to establish financial boundaries and responsibilities, such as separation of assets, custody of dependents, and child support. Although the reasons for seeking a legal separation vary, there are some common ones worth noting. Some religions prohibit married couples from divorcing and a legal separation grants most of the benefits of a divorce without compromising religious tenets.

Also, those unsure of their marital future may opt for a legal separation, hoping for a reconciliation. Couples with minor children often cite that a legal separation is more ideal for their children than a divorce.

Although the parents function as a separate unit, the family may remain together, maintaining stability and order, for the most part. Another reason for opting for this arrangement is to retain health and retirement benefits. It also limits control over other assets such as properties and vehicles. For those who want a divorce, a legal separation is required in some states before a judge will grant one. If the couple later divorces, judges may consider the details of the separation agreement when ruling on a divorce.

For some, reaching their 10th anniversary is a monumental occasion, but it is also a milestone that affects future benefits. For couples deciding to part ways, a legal separation may keep benefit entitlements intact. For example, military spouses must remain married for a decade to take advantage of the benefits provided by the Uniformed Services Former Spouse Protection Act.

Also, having remained married for at least 10 years qualifies ex-spouses for certain spousal Social Security benefits. If your spouse will draw significantly more Social Security than you will in retirement, it is beneficial to remain married for a minimum of 10 years so you can draw a larger sum by drawing on your spouse's Social Security retirement benefits. In spite of the pain from a split, sometimes a legal separation makes sense when a divorce doesn't.

For example, a legal separation can be temporary, while a divorce is permanent. Some couples legally separate when trial separations don't work. This may be their last attempt at saving their marriage.

Additionally, a legal separation is often simpler and more cost-effective than a divorce. Many parents also find that their children are better able to adjust to a divorce if they legally separate first. Legal separation isn't the only option for couples who prefer to separate instead of divorce. Unlike a legal separation, a trial separation is an informal decision by a couple to temporarily separate.

This is because exposure therapy targets learned behaviors that people engage in most often the avoidance in response to situations or thoughts and memories that are viewed as frightening or anxiety-provoking. For example, a rape survivor may begin to avoid relationships or going out on dates for fear that she will be attacked again. It is important to recognize that this learned avoidance serves a purpose. When a person experiences a traumatic event , he may begin to act in ways to avoid threatening situations with the goal of trying to prevent that traumatic experience from happening again.

Avoidance is a safety-seeking or protective response. However, as this avoidance behavior becomes more extreme, a person's quality of life may lessen. He may lose touch with family or experience difficulties at work or in relationships.

In addition, avoidance can make PTSD symptoms stick around longer or even intensify. In addition, by avoiding thoughts, memories, and emotions, a person doesn't let himself fully process those experiences. The goal of exposure therapy then is to help reduce a person's fear and anxiety, with the ultimate goal of eliminating avoidance behavior and increasing quality of life. This is done by actively confronting the things that a person fears.

By confronting feared situations, thoughts, and emotions, a person can learn that anxiety and fear will lessen on its own. So, how does a person actively confront feared situations, thoughts, and emotions during exposure therapy? A number of methods may be used by a therapist. These are described below. In vivo exposure refers to the direct confrontation of feared objects, activities or situations by a person under the guidance of a therapist.

For example, a woman with PTSD who fears the location where she was assaulted may be assisted by her therapist in going to that location and directly confronting those fears as long as it is safe to do so.

Likewise, a person with social anxiety disorder who fears public speaking may be instructed to directly confront those fears by giving a speech. In imaginal exposure, a client is asked to imagine feared images or situations. Imaginal exposure can help a person directly confront feared thoughts and memories.

Imaginal exposure also may be used when it is not possible or safe for a person to directly confront a feared situation. For example, it would not be safe to have a combat veteran with PTSD to directly confront a combat situation again. Therefore, he may be asked to imagine a feared combat situation that he experienced.

Interoceptive exposure was originally designed to treat panic disorder. However, there is evidence that interoceptive exposure may be successful in the treatment of PTSD as well. The therapist may assist this by having a person in a controlled and safe manner hyperventilate for a brief period of time, exercise, breathe through a straw or hold his breath. Prolonged exposure therapy is a combination of the above three methods.

Prolonged exposure has been found to be very effective for PTSD sufferers. Prolonged exposure therapy consists of education about trauma and what you will be doing, learning how to control your breathing interoceptive exposure , practicing in the real world in vivo exposure , and talking about your trauma imaginal exposure.

You will listen to a recording of this part of your session at home between sessions. Yes, you will practice doing some of the things you have avoided since your trauma. You will start with activities that are manageable for you, and you will work up to activities that are more challenging. You will also listen to a recording of your therapy sessions, including your imaginal exposure recording. Practicing these skills between sessions helps you get the most out of PE. Smaller VA facilities that do not offer PE may be able to use video-conferencing to have you receive PE from a provider at another location.

It a free download on most mobile devices. After your initial download, you will not be required to use your personal minutes or data.

This app does not share any information with the VA, so it is up to you if you want to show your provider your information. Trying to figure out which PTSD treatment is best for you? Go To Provider Version. Veterans Crisis Line: Press 1. Complete Directory. If you are in crisis or having thoughts of suicide, visit VeteransCrisisLine. Quick Links. Share this page. What Type of Treatment Is This? Providers describe PE in this 1 minute video. Video How PE works. Effectiveness of national implementation of prolonged exposure therapy in veterans affairs care.

JAMA Psychiatry 70, — Etkin, A. The neural bases of emotion regulation. Felmingham, K. Changes in anterior cingulate and amygdala after cognitive behavior therapy of posttraumatic stress disorder. Flanagan, J. Augmenting prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD with intranasal oxytocin: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial. Foa, E. Prolonged exposure therapy: past, present and future.

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Gilbertson, M. Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability to psychological trauma. Gyurak, A. Explicit and implicit emotion regulation: a dual-process framework. Hariri, A. The amygdala response to emotional stimuli: a comparison of faces and scenes. NeuroImage 17, — Harris, D. Subjective and hormonal effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA in humans.

Hayes, J. Quantitative meta-analysis of neural activity in posttraumatic stress disorder. Mood Anxiety Disord. Helpman, L. Neuroimage Clin. PTSD remission after prolonged exposure treatment is associated with anterior cingulate cortex thinning and volume reduction.

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Karsen, E. Review of the effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-traumatic stress disorder. Brain Stimul. Keding, T. Abnormal structure of fear circuitry in pediatric post-traumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 40, — King, A. Koch, S. Aberrant resting-state brain activity in posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Kohn, N. NeuroImage 87, — Lambert, J. Ledgerwood, L. D-cycloserine facilitates extinction of learned fear: effects on reacquisition and generalized extinction.

Psychiatry 57, — LeDoux, J. Emotion circuits in the brain. Lee, J. Reconsolidation and extinction of conditioned fear: inhibition and potentiation. Liberzon, I. Context processing and the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder. Neuron 92, 14— Lindauer, R. Effects of psychotherapy on hippocampal volume in out-patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: a MRI investigation. Lindgren, L. Longitudinal evidence for smaller hippocampus volume as a vulnerability factor for perceived stress.

Cortex 26, — Lissek, S. Beck and D. Sloan Oxford: Oxford University Press , — Litz, B. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of D-cycloserine and exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Lopresto, D. Neural circuits and mechanisms involved in fear generalization: implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder.

Maninger, N. Maren, S. Synaptic plasticity in the basolateral amygdala induced by hippocampal formation stimulation in vivo. The contextual brain: implications for fear conditioning, extinction and psychopathology.

Marx, C. Laskowitz and G. McLaughlin, A. Patterns of therapeutic alliance: rupture-repair episodes in prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder. Milad, M. Estrous cycle phase and gonadal hormones influence conditioned fear extinction.

Neuroscience , — Presence and acquired origin of reduced recall for fear extinction in PTSD: results of a twin study. Neurobiological basis of failure to recall extinction memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry 66, — Mithoefer, M. MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a revised teaching manual. Lancet Psychiatry 5, — Mowrer, O.

Learning and its Symbolic Processes. Negash, S. Relationship of contextual cueing and hippocampal volume in amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients and cognitively normal older adults.

New, A. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of deliberate emotion regulation in resilience and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Norberg, M. A meta-analysis of D-cycloserine and the facilitation of fear extinction and exposure therapy. Psychiatry 63, — Ochsner, K. Rethinking feelings: an fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion. Functional imaging studies of emotion regulation: a synthetic review and evolving model of the cognitive control of emotion. N Y Acad. Oehen, P. Olff, M. A psychobiological rationale for oxytocin in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. CNS Spectr.

Osuji, I. Pregnenolone for cognition and mood in dual diagnosis patients. Psychiatry Res. Paul, S. Neuroactive steroids. Peres, J. Cerebral blood flow changes during retrieval of traumatic memories before and after psychotherapy: a SPECT study.

Philip, N. Network mechanisms of clinical response to transcranial magnetic stimulation in posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder. Psychiatry 83, — Pitman, R. Biological studies of post-traumatic stress disorder. Powers, M. A meta-analytic review of prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder.

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Another effect of dehydration is that the production of blood in your body gets reduced, therefore leading to insufficient blood circulation in the body. When that happens, you will experience a variety of health problems including lowered blood pressure, headaches, and dizziness. Once the time comes that there are no more fluids to absorb, your body will be severely dehydrated, and this is when you can end up going into shock, and eventually death. There are a few things you can watch out for to avoid getting dehydrated.

Here are some of them:. Unlike a mouth that is well moisturized with saliva, a dry mouth can offer you noticeable discomfort. So once you feel the insides of your mouth getting all dry and sticky, you better start drinking at least a glass of water to rehydrate your body.

Dehydration causes your muscles to become weak, therefore making you too lethargic to perform any activities. The most common sign of dehydration has probably got to be thirst. It is an early sign of dehydration that signals you to start getting hydrated before things get more serious, unlike all other signs that come at the latter stages of dehydration. When your body is dehydrated, you get to excrete little to no urine with a dark amber color.

It'll only take a couple of minutes to get your body fully rehydrated once again. According to a study from the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, it only takes ml of water and about 45 minutes to turn a mildly to fully dehydrated body completely hydrated once again. Plain old clean water will be enough. However, drinks like Gatorade that are full of electrolytes to work faster on replenishing the body. As the saying goes- too much of anything is bad for you.

When taking in large amounts at a short period of time, water can cause you to have hyponatremia, which is also known as water intoxication.

Though water intoxication rarely occurs, it is a serious issue that can easily become fatal. When you drink too much water, you are ingesting more water than your body can throw out. This can cause organs in your body, including your brain to swell. Your level of hydration determines how well you sleep.

Going to bed without drinking enough water can disrupt your sleep. So, how much water do we need to help our bodies function nicely and prevent serious health effects?

According to The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, it is determined that the adequate daily consumption of fluid for a healthy adult living in a temperate climate is:. These suggestions include fluids from water, other drinks, and food. Approximately 20 percent of the daily fluid intake is usually from food and the rest is from beverages.

Sometimes the idea of consuming fluids by just drinking water might just not be for you or it can seem boring. Some other ways to rehydrate include:. Coffee and tea may not be what you think of when you are quenched, but both — along with other caffeinated beverages —can help us stay well hydrated throughout the day.

While plain water can help you rehydrate quickly, it certainly isn't the only drink that can fulfill that role. Milk is found to be even more hydrating than water. One factor is because it is made up of some protein and some fat, the sugar lactose, which all moderate the emptying of liquid from the stomach and keep hydration happening over a longer period, according to a study reported by CNN.

Consisting of percent water , fruits, and vegetables are a good alternative to staying hydrated throughout the day while also getting your other nutrition intake. Some of the fruits and vegetables that contain the highest water contents include:. Drinking water is the best way to stay hydrated for most people, but there are certainly other options such as coffee, tea, milk, fruits, and vegetables that can also help you rehydrate throughout the day.

When your body is in desperate need of water, chugging water seems like a reasonable thing to do, but when you drink too quickly it could lead to more harm than benefit. For proper rehydration, it is advised that we do the opposite of chugging. According to Summit Medical Group, to correctly rehydrate your body we should sip water moderately, about two to three ounces at a time, throughout the day.

Although chugging water seems like the quickest solution to rehydrate your body, drinking too fast could potentially lead you to risk diluting your blood, which may provoke a quicker excretion of fluids by your kidney. Essentially, if you consume water too fast, it will lead your body to remove most of it as urine, which will cause the effect of delaying the hydration process.

Chugging water will cause the opposite of what you want to happen. Along with the fact that drinking water too quickly will slow down the hydration process, chugging water can also cause water intoxication. Water intoxication is when you have an excess amount of water intake, which is also known as hyponatremia by doctors. Drinking too much water too fast can cause a decrease in sodium levels in the blood, making it dangerously low.

When you drink too much water, this results in an imbalance, and the fluid transfers from your blood and into your cells, which causes it to swell. Certainly, you would have to consume a significant amount of water for this to happen.

According to one study from , it would require at least one gallon of water within a period of a few hours for symptoms of water intoxication to arise. Although far more people are having issues with dehydration than overhydration, give your best effort to hydrate your body with just one sip at a time.

When you have not consumed enough water for your body to function properly, you might be wondering what may be the quickest way to not be dehydrated anymore. In a recent study from the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research , researchers reported that it only requires 45 minutes and Yet according to Drip Hydration, the time it takes to rehydrate fully depends on some factors, which includes:. Although this may vary from person to person, when you are experiencing symptoms of mild dehydration, a good place to start would be to drink about one or two glasses of water over 15 minutes.

You should start to feel better within a reasonable time frame as your body begins to take in the water. Yet this would require you to continuously drink water and other beverages approximately every 15 minutes, which is an inept way to attain optimal hydration.

A more appealing solution is IV drips such as these. Intravenous rehydration is used to treat moderate to severe cases of dehydration. This is often accomplished in cases when oral rehydration is insufficient, which may happen if dehydration is advanced or in cases of illness, like diarrhea, vomiting, or high fever. Intravenous rehydration is intended to sidestep the traditional digestive process to induce fluids into your system as quickly as possible.

Fluids delivered through an IV line allow doctors to pump fluid directly into your bloodstream, which suggests that the fluid and electrolytes are available for your body to use straight away. This may help stabilize you within the meantime and, throughout the treatment, restore you to normal hydration. Nurses will usually search for veins in your arm since these are easy to access and typically wide enough to hit easily, but if you have got narrow veins often due to genetics or collapsed veins usually resulting from chronic use of intravenous injections they'll have to rummage around for veins in other areas.

Reset IV drips f ormulas are administered by a medical professional who has acceptable training and proven experience in IV therapy. All medical personnel are licensed and authorized by a relevant certifying board within the state.

IV Therapy in Las Vegas. IV Therapy in Miami. IV Therapy in Los Angeles. IV Therapy in Orange County. IV Therapy in Tampa. IV Therapy in Washington D. When you have not been providing an adequate amount of fluids for your body, it may take some time before you are fully hydrated again. The result can be devastating. Proper hydration is a key to ensuring all bodily processes run smoothly and without any hiccups, right down to your digestion and waste disposal processes. Every single cell, tissue, and muscle in your body needs to be hydrated to run at peak performance.

Simply put, a well-hydrated body is a body that is performing its best. You have clear skin and high levels of energy, and you feel like you can think and focus much better. Yes, staying properly hydrated is a prerequisite for all these things!

Similarly, if you want to be running at your best, then being properly hydrated is something that cannot be compromised on. A fairly obvious, if not perhaps too obvious, way to tell when you need to hydrate is when you feel thirsty. Some common symptoms that people may feel when they are dehydrated include:.

However, if you let it go on, then these more severe symptoms can manifest:. Meanwhile, it is also true that you could put yourself at risk by over hydrating. Thus, it is also essential that you spread your fluid intake throughout the day and be mindful of how much you need.

So, how long does water take to hydrate you anyway? Should you expect to feel the benefits the second the water goes down your throat? A study by the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research says 45 minutes to an hour or so.

Hence, the water could easily enter your bloodstream within five minutes!

Egmont Imagination, the British media subsidiary of Danish book publisher Egmont, Handled distribution and consumer product rights outside North America until , when the division was bought out by another Dutch company called Telescreen, who were bought out by a German company called M4E AG in M4E currently handle non-North American rights to the show alongside consumer products rights.

As a result, Disney Channel has stopped airing both shows except for their holiday episodes. It received mixed reviews with one critic calling it, "an unabashed promotion of Duff's image, just as Crossroads was for Spears ". Other reviews were generally positive and encouraging. The character of Lizzie continues to be merchandised by Disney, especially through a large set of books, which include novelizations of the episodes, original Nancy Drew-style mystery stories in the Lizzie McGuire Mysteries series, and "Cine-manga" pictorial adaptations published by TOKYOPOP with still shots from the show presented in manga style.

The 10" doll featured many of Lizzie's outfits for the doll. A plush doll of the Cartoon Lizzie was also made by Dakin in Radio Disney continually promoted Lizzie McGuire and regularly although not as often as when the show was still running gave away the show's CD in giveaways.

Several home video and DVD versions of the show have been released in various countries. In the United States, some thematic episode collections were first released, and later a DVD box set consisting of 22 episodes from the first season mostly, but not entirely, corresponding to the first 22 episodes in production order.

Alpaca your bags! Check out this exclusive photo from the first day of production. Amid the current nostalgia train that most movie and TV execs are on, there's going to be a new reboot of Lizzie McGuire, this time following a year-old Lizzie as she starts her career in Manhattan. We don't know too much about the show or who from the original cast will be back, but there have been some sneak peeks flittering around Instagram lately.

Hilary shared a photo of her on the set of the shoot, and can we just say, what a style icon. The Disney Plus account also shared their own shot of Hilary carrying a stuffed alpaca through the city.

This helps make the show easier to watch. FAQ 2. Why did Lalaine leave the show? Details Edit. Release date January 12, United States. United States. What's Lizzie Thinking? Ren-Mar Studios - N. Cahuenga Blvd. Stan Rogow Productions Disney Channel. Technical specs Edit. Runtime 30 minutes. Stereo Dolby Digital. Related news. Sep 21 The Wrap.

Contribute to this page Suggest an edit or add missing content. Top Gap. What is the Hindi language plot outline for Lizzie McGuire ? I'm so excited to bring this character that you all grew up with back to life, and I cannot wait for you guys to see it.

Todd continues to stay busy, despite forever being known as Lizzie's mom to us. Married to director Glenn Withrow since , the couple have one daughter, Ivy. Carradine was famous well before he played Lizzie's dad.

Hello, he was Lewis Skolnick in Revenge of the Nerds. The year-old star continues to work in the entertainment industry as an actor and producer. More recently, he produced Solitary Confinement and appears in the upcoming film High Holiday. More recently, the year-old former actress graduated from army boot camp in Everyone is very disciplined and everyone is treated equally. Similar to Lamberg, the blonde beauty keeps a low profile and has remained out of the public eye. Despite being the queen bee on the Disney show, she's moved on to bigger and better things.

MTV reports she quit acting and earned her B.

Included is detail on anxiety and the symptoms of the…. A dry throat can result in a cracking or croaking feeling while speaking or breathing. There are many potential causes with a range of remedies. Odynophagia is when it is painful to swallow. This pain may occur in the throat, mouth, or food pipe and has a variety of potential causes. Globus sensation: Causes of a lump in the throat. Medically reviewed by Alana Biggers, M.

What is globus sensation? Who gets globus sensation? Causes of a lump in the throat. Share on Pinterest Stress and anxiety may cause globus sensation.

Share on Pinterest Globus sensation usually cannot be treated directly, so treatment involves addressing the underlying cause. When to see a doctor. Exposure to air pollutants may amplify risk for depression in healthy individuals. Costs associated with obesity may account for 3. Related Coverage.

What causes difficulty swallowing dysphagia? What are thyroid nodules? Medically reviewed by J. For details see our conditions. In this series. In this series: Difficulty Swallowing Dysphagia. In this series Difficulty Swallowing Dysphagia. In this article What is globus sensation and what causes it? What are the symptoms of globus sensation? How common is globus sensation and who gets it?

Globus sensation is thought to be quite common but there are not enough reliable, up-to-date studies to give specific numbers of people affected. About four in one hundred people referred to an ear, nose and throat ENT specialist clinic have globus sensation. It affects women and men equally. It is most common in people of middle age but globus sensation can affect anyone of any age. Could globus sensation be a sign of anything else? What investigations might be needed?

What is the treatment for globus sensation? Globus Sensation In this article What is globus sensation and what causes it? Want to see a dietician? Book a private assessment with a qualified dietician today. Book now. Previous article Difficulty Swallowing Dysphagia. Are you protected against flu? Further reading and references. Globus pharyngis, personality, and psychological distress in the general population.

Psychosomatics, 36 6 , Drossman, D. Rome IV—functional GI disorders: disorders of gut-brain interaction. Systematic review: persistent reflux symptoms on proton pump inhibitor therapy in primary care and community studies. Hajioff, D. The diagnostic value of barium swallow in globus syndrome. International journal of clinical practice, 58 1 , Harar, R. Management of globus pharyngeus: review of cases.

Harvey, P. Managing a patient with globus pharyngeus. Frontline gastroenterology, 9 3 , Jeon, H. Clinical predictors for response to proton pump inhibitor treatment in patients with globus. Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility, 19 1 , Karkos, P. Empiric treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux with proton pump inhibitors: a systematic review. The Laryngoscope, 1 , Khalil, H.

Speech therapy in the treatment of globus pharyngeus: how we do it. Clinical Otolaryngology, 36 4 , Kirch, S. Globus pharyngeus: effectiveness of treatment with proton pump inhibitors and gabapentin. Kortequee, S. Management of globus pharyngeus. International Journal of Otolaryngology, Functional esophageal disorders: A review of diagnosis and management. Kwiatek, M. Hyperdynamic upper esophageal sphincter pressure: a manometric observation in patients reporting globus sensation.

The American journal of gastroenterology, 2 , Lee, B. Globus pharyngeus: a review of its etiology, diagnosis and treatment. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG, 18 20 , J Craniofac Surg. Lorenz, R. The globus syndrome: value of flexible endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. They may refer you to an ear, nose, and throat ENT specialist. This doctor will examine your mouth, nose, and throat.

They will pass a lighted, flexible, ultrathin telescope through your nose to see inside your sinuses and down into your throat. What it does instead is rule out other possible causes for the lump in your throat.

Globus sensation is benign. However, some conditions may mimic globus sensation at first. In other words, the first symptoms may seem like globus sensation, but additional symptoms will appear eventually. You should pay attention to additional symptoms that may pop up if you experience a lump in your throat occasionally. In most cases, a globus sensation is a sign of nothing serious, but being alert to changes can help you catch other possible problems early.

Globus sensation has no treatment. Some of the causes of the lump-in-throat feeling are treatable. If your doctor discovers one of these conditions is responsible for your globus sensation, treatment may help ease the feeling.

If muscle tension is causing the feeling, you may be referred to an ENT or speech therapist to learn how to ease the tightness when it occurs. The most common treatment for postnasal drip is nasal spray. Some other treatments include drinking plenty of fluid to keep the secretions thin and mobile. Over-the-counter decongestants may also help remove the buildup and eliminate the drip. Keep reading: How to use nasal spray ».

Depression, anxiety, grief, and other mental health issues sometimes cause globus sensation. Talk therapy or treatment with antidepressants may help treat the underlying issues that leading to this feeling. Help for depression: Treatment options and where to find help ». Both over-the-counter antacids and prescription reflux medications can help ease acid reflux.